O que é a Amiloidose mediada por transtirretina (ATTR)?
Veeva ID: PT-20507 aprovado a 02/2025
Abreviaturas:
CM: cardiomiopatia; PN: polineuropatia; ATTR: amiloidose mediada por transtirretina.
Referências:
1. Nativi-Nicolau JN, Karam C, Khella S, Maurer MS. Screening for ATTR amyloidosis in the clinic: overlapping disorders, misdiagnosis, and multiorgan awareness. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(3):785-793;
2. Adams D, Ando Y, Beirão JM, et al. Expert consensus recommendations to improve diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. J Neurol. 2021;268(6):2109-2122;
3. Planté-Bordeneuve V, Said G. Familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10(12):1086-1097;
4. Swiecicki PL, Zhen DB, Mauermann ML, et al. Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis: a single-institution experience with 266 patients. Amyloid. 2015;22(2):123-131;
5. Waddington-Cruz M, Wixner J, Amass L, Kiszko J, Chapman D, Ando Y; THAOS Investigators. Characteristics of patients with late- vs. early-onset Val30Met transthyretin amyloidosis from the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS). Neurol Ther. 2021;10(2):753-766;
6. Pinto MV, Pinto LF, Dias M, et al. Late-onset hereditary ATTR V30M amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: characterization of Brazilian subjects from the THAOS registry. J Neurol Sci. 2019;403:1-6.
O que é a Amiloidose mediada por transtirretina (ATTR)?
A destabilização e dissociação da proteína TTR pode ocorrer devido a uma mutação genética, conhecida como ATTR hereditária (ATTRv) ou devido a alterações espontâneas e/ou relacionadas com a idade, conhecida como ATTR wild-type (ATTRwt).5
Compreenda melhor as diferenças entre ATTRv e ATTRwt:
• Início ocorre normalmente após os 30 anos de idade;8,10
• Sintomas manifestam-se como cardiomiopatia (CM), polineuropatia (PN), ou ambos;1
• Progressão rápida;9
• Também conhecida como ATTR hereditária (hATTR).
• Doentes geralmente têm >60 anos de idade e são do sexo masculino;10
• Sintomas geralmente manifestam-se como CM.1
Os doentes são geralmente definidos pela apresentação de CM ou PN
Veeva ID: PT-20507 aprovado a 02/2025
Abreviaturas:
ATTRv: amiloidose mediada por transtirretina hereditária; hATTR: amiloidose por transtirretina hereditária; ATTR: amiloidose mediada por transtirretina; TTR: transtirretina; ATTRwt: miloidose mediada por transtirretina wild-type; QoL: qualidade de vida; CM: cardiomiopatia; PN: polineuropatia.
Referências:
1. Nativi-Nicolau JN, Karam C, Khella S, Maurer MS. Screening for ATTR amyloidosis in the clinic: overlapping disorders, misdiagnosis, and multiorgan awareness. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(3):785-793;
2. Gertz M, Adams D, Ando Y, et al. Avoiding misdiagnosis: expert consensus recommendations for the suspicion and diagnosis of transthyretin amyloidosis for the general practitioner. BMC Fam Pract. 2020;21(1):198;
3. Tschöpe C, Elsanhoury A. Treatment of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: the current options, the future, and the challenges. J Clin Med. 2022;11(8):2148;
4. Kittleson MM, Ruberg FL, Ambardekar AV, et al. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on comprehensive multidisciplinary care for the patient with cardiac amyloidosis: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(11):1076-1126;
5. Ioannou A, Fontana M, Gillmore JD. RNA targeting and gene editing strategies for transthyretin amyloidosis. BioDrugs. 2023;37(2):127-142;
6. Ando Y, Coelho T, Berk JL, et al. Guideline of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis for clinicians. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013;8:31;
7. Misumi Y, Narita Y, Oshima T, et al. Recipient aging accelerates acquired transthyretin amyloidosis after domino liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2016;22(5):656-664;
8. Kroi F, Fischer N, Gezin A, Hashim M, Rozenbaum MH. Estimating the gender distribution of patients with wild-type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiol Ther. 2021;10(1):41-55;
9. Dohrn MF, Röcken C, De Bleecker JL, et al. Diagnostic hallmarks and pitfalls in late-onset progressive transthyretin-related amyloid-neuropathy. J Neurol. 2013;260(12):3093–3108,
10. Griffin JM, Rosenthal JL, Grodin JL, Maurer MS, Grogan M, Cheng RK. ATTR amyloidosis: current and emerging management strategies: JACC: CardioOncology state-of-the-art review. JACC CardioOncol. 2021;3(4):488-505;
11. Adams D, Ando Y, Beirão JM, et al. Expert consensus recommendations to improve diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. J Neurol. 2021;268(6):2109-2122;
12. Planté-Bordeneuve V, Said G. Familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10(12):1086-1097;
13. Swiecicki PL, Zhen DB, Mauermann ML, et al. Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis: a single-institution experience with 266 patients. Amyloid. 2015;22(2):123-131;
14. Waddington-Cruz M, Wixner J, Amass L, Kiszko J, Chapman D, Ando Y; THAOS Investigators. Characteristics of patients with late- vs. early-onset Val30Met transthyretin amyloidosis from the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS). Neurol Ther. 2021;10(2):753-766;
15. Pinto MV, Pinto LF, Dias M, et al. Late-onset hereditary ATTR V30M amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: characterization of Brazilian subjects from the THAOS registry. J Neurol Sci. 2019;403:1-6;
16. Witteles RM, Bokhari S, Damy T, et al. Screening for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in everyday practice. JACC Heart Fail. 2019;7(8):709-716;
17. Gertz MA. Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis: burden of illness and diagnostic challenges. Am J Manag Care. 2017;23(7 Suppl):S107-S112.
A deposição contínua de fibrilas amiloides leva à progressão da doença e eventual morte.
O agravamento dos sintomas rápido pode ser um sinal de progressão de doença e potencialmente modificador da esperança média de vida1,3
Veeva ID: PT-20507 aprovado a 02/2025
Abreviaturas:
IECA: Inibidor da Enzima Conversora da Angiotensina; ARA: Antagonista dos Recetores da Angiotensina; INRA: Inibidor da Neprilisina e do Recetor de Angiotensina; ATTR-CM: Amiloidose por transtirretina com cardiomiopatia; ATTRv-PN: Amiloidose por transtirretina variante com polineuropatia; GI: Gastrointestinal; IC: Insuficiência Cardíaca; ICFEp: Insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada; ATTR: Amiloidose mediada por transtirretina.
Referências:
1. Nativi-Nicolau JN, Karam C, Khella S, Maurer MS. Screening for ATTR amyloidosis in the clinic: overlapping disorders, misdiagnosis, and multiorgan awareness. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(3):785-793;
2. Griffin JM, Rosenthal JL, Grodin JL, Maurer MS, Grogan M, Cheng RK. ATTR amyloidosis: current and emerging management strategies: JACC: CardioOncology state-of-the-art review. JACC CardioOncol; 2021;3(4):488-505;
3. Kittleson MM, Ruberg FL, Ambardekar AV, et al. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on comprehensive multidisciplinary care for the patient with cardiac amyloidosis: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(11):1076-1126;
4. Hawkins PN, Ando Y, Dispenzeri A, Gonzalez-Duarte A, Adams D, Suhr OB. Evolving landscape in the management of transthyretin amyloidosis. Ann Med. 2015;47(8):625-638.
Como fazer o diagnóstico?
*ECG: Tensão QRS discordante para grau de aumento da espessura da parede do VE na imagem, anomalias na condução e distúrbios do ritmo;7,9
**Ecocardiograma: aumento da espessura da parede do VE, disfunção diastólica de grau 2 ou pior e diminuição do strain longitudinal global com relativa preservação apical;7,9
ƗCMR: Expansão do volume extracelular e realce tardio difuso com gadolínio;7,9
¥A amiloidose cardíaca de cadeia leve (AL-CM) pode apresentar-se de forma semelhante na ATTR-CM, mas é causada por uma discrasia de células plasmáticas. Deve ser descartado por triagem de proteína monoclonal com sFLC, SIFE e UIFE;7,9
£Considerar biópsia endomiocardial se cintigrafia cardíaca for negativa ou equívoca e a suspeita clínica for elevada.7,9
Veeva ID: PT-20507 aprovado a 02/2025
Abreviaturas:
ATTR-CM: Amiloidose por transtirretina com cardiomiopatia; ATTRv: Amiloidose por transtirretina variante; ATTR-PN: Amiloidose por transtirretina com polineuropatia; ATTRwt: Amiloidose por transtirretina wild type; CM: cardiomiopatia; DNA: ácido desoxirribonucleico; ECG: eletrocardiograma; ICFEp: Insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada; VE: Ventrículo Esquerdo; NT-proBNP: Porção N-terminal do Péptido Natriurético tipo B; PN: polineuropatia; sFLC: Cadeia leve livre sérica; SIFE: Eletroforese de imunofixação sérica; 99mTc-PYP: Tecnécio-99m pirofosfato ; TTR: Transtirretina; UIFE: Eletroforese de imunofixação da urina; ATTR: Amiloidose mediada por transtirretina; IC: Insuficiência Cardíaca; CMR: Ressonância Magnética Cardiovascular.
Referências:
1. Nativi-Nicolau JN, Karam C, Khella S, Maurer MS. Screening for ATTR amyloidosis in the clinic: overlapping disorders, misdiagnosis, and multiorgan awareness. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(3):785-793;
2. Adams D, Ando Y, Beirão JM, et al. Expert consensus recommendations to improve diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. J Neurol. 2021;268(6):2109-2122;
3. Lousada I, Maurer MS, Warner M, et al. Amyloidosis Research Consortium Cardiac Amyloidosis Survey: results from patients with AL and ATTR amyloidosis and their caregivers. Poster presented at: 23rd Annual Heart Failure Society of America; September 13-16, 2019; Philadelphia, PA;
4. Castaño A, Narotsky DL, Hamid N, et al. Unveiling transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis and its predictors among elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(38):2879-2887;
5. González-López E, Gallego-Delgado M, Guzzo-Merello G, et al. Wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis as a cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(38):2585-2594;
6. Sperry BW, Reyes BA, Ikram A, et al. Tenosynovial and cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing carpal tunnel release. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(17):2040-2050;
7. Kittleson MM, Ruberg FL, Ambardekar AV, et al. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on comprehensive multidisciplinary care for the patient with cardiac amyloidosis: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(11):1076-1126;
8. Ando Y, Coelho T, Berk JL, et al. Guideline of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis for clinicians. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013;8:31;
9. Gertz M, Adams D, Ando Y, et al. Avoiding misdiagnosis: expert consensus recommendations for the suspicion and diagnosis of transthyretin amyloidosis for the general practitioner. BMC Fam Pract. 2020;21(1):198.
Qual o tratamento da Amiloidose?
Veeva ID: PT-20507 aprovado a 02/2025
Abreviaturas:
RNA: ácido ribonucleico; TTR: Transtirretina; ATTR: Amiloidose mediada por transtirretina.
Referências:
1. Kittleson MM, Ruberg FL, Ambardekar AV, et al. 2023 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on comprehensive multidisciplinary care for the patient with cardiac amyloidosis: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023;81(11):1076-1126;
2. Tschöpe C, Elsanhoury A. Treatment of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: the current options, the future, and the challenges. J Clin Med. 2022;11(8):2148;
3. Planté-Bordeneuve V, Said G. Familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10(12):1086-1097;
4. Ioannou A, Fontana M, Gillmore JD. RNA targeting and gene editing strategies for transthyretin amyloidosis. BioDrugs. 2023;37(2):127-142;
5. Ando Y, Coelho T, Berk JL, et al. Guideline of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis for clinicians. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013;8:31;
6. Misumi Y, Narita Y, Oshima T, et al. Recipient aging accelerates acquired transthyretin amyloidosis after domino liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2016;22(5):656-664;
7. Nativi-Nicolau JN, Karam C, Khella S, Maurer MS. Screening for ATTR amyloidosis in the clinic: overlapping disorders, misdiagnosis, and multiorgan awareness. Heart Fail Rev. 2022;27(3):785-793